Assionoe to



UNITED STATES PAT NT DEEICE.

JAMES HENDERSON, OF BELLEFONTE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO CHARLES G. FRANOKLYN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

COMPOUND FOR FURNACE-LININGS AND FIRE-BRICK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 265,075, dated September 26, 1882,

Application filed September 6, 1882. (No specimens.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES HENDERSON, of

Bellefonte, Pennsylvania, (formerly of New brick for furnaces, converters, and other metallurgic vessels of oxide of iron in a pulverized or powdered condition, with lime or magnesian lime in a small proportion, and water and a vegetable substance from which sugar or starch may be derived, so as to bind or hold the oxide of iron together into a mass. To the water used in making-the compound above described is added glucose in the proportion of one part of glucose to one and a third to one and a half part water, or a greater amount of water, if desired. The advantage of adding glucose is that it acts as a strong binding agcntin holding the oxide of iron and lime together, and makes the brick firm and more readily handled without danger of breaking.

In carrying out this invention I prefer to use the pure iron-sands of Long Island, New York State, and that are found on the sea-shore of some other places, or the purer kinds of iron ores from Lake Superior or Lake Champlain, or some oxide of iron practically free from impurities. The oxide of iron is reduced to a fine sand, or preferably ground to a fine flour, so as to pass through a sieve having about three thousand six hundred meshes to the square inch. I also use by preference a lime made from dolomite quarried near Springfield, Ohio, which contains nagnesia in quantity sufficient to make it a magnesian lime, and is almost chemically pure; but other dolomite or limestones which contain but small portions of silica or alumina will answer the purpose. The dolomite or limestone is calcined, preferrably at a low heat--that is, below redness after which it is sl aked or hydrated with water and brought to the same fineness as given for the oxide ofiron. The oxide of iron and manner above set forth, are mixed in the proportion of about ninety (90) parts oxide of iron and ten (10) parts lime or magnesian lime, by weight, and water and a vegetable substance from which starch or sugar may be derived, in sufficient quantity to make the whole into a thick mortar.

The lime or magnesian lime and oxide of iron may be mixed dry, and water and avegetable substance from which starch or sugar may be derived added; or the lime or magnesian lime and water and the vegetable substance maybe mixed into a milk of lime or magnesian lime and added to the oxide of iron.

The'com pound may be used to line furnaces, converters, and other vessels in which metallurgic operations are carried on, and may, if preferred, be applied on the outside or over the basic or silicious lining, and protects the linings duringthedesiliconization of the metal. The compound may be applied wet or in a, plastic condition, as mortar is applied; or it may be rammed on the hearth of a furnace, or it may be rammed about a core, so as to be packed to the sides of the vessel, and thwcore afterward withdrawn. When dried the lining is ready for use.

The compound may be made into brick and dried in the atmosplmre. Then they are ready for use.

Linings and brick made of this compound are specially adapted for lining furnaces in which crude iron is paddled or purified, and where the temperature is about as high as that of the paddling-furnace. The lining being highly refractory at those temperatures, a portion of the lining made of this compound becomes incorporated into the charge and apor- I the lime or magnesian lime, prepared in the tion becomes a. reagent and unites with the melted crude iron, as iron sponge has before been added to melted crudeiron; nor the use of magnetic oxide of iron containing titanic acid, as that has heretofore been used as alining for furnaces.

I do not claim a compound of oxide of iron, lime or magnesian lime, and water, as that is claimed in application No. 70,797, filed by me September 1, 1882. 1

What I do claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

The compound for furnace-linings and. firebrick, consisting of oxide of iron, lime or magnesian lime, and water and a vegetable substance from which starch or sugar may be derived, substantially as specified and set forth.

JAMES HENDERSON.

Witnesses:

G. G. FRELINGHUYSEN, A. MOORE. 

